Somalia’ estimated 3,300 km is home to home to highly diverse and abundant marine resources, including seabirds, whales, whale sharks, and several types of dolphin and turtle species and high quality Tuna. Since 1991 collapse of central authority, Somalia’s marine resources and coastal waters have become victim to massive transnational unregulated and poorly reported illegal factory fishing trawlers, dumpers of nuclear and other banned industrial toxins. Illegal fishing, dumping of nuclear wastes are the root causes of the emergence of sea piracy in Somalia. Instead of dealing with the roots causes, the prevailing Western, powers and sadly those from emerging powers such as Russia, India, China, have joined hands to sponsor ill conceived militarization of the Horn of Africa. The militarization of the Horn of Africa stands to protect not only legitimate seafaring but ships carrying illegal toxic and factory fishing trawlers-which are wrecking ecological war crimes against the people of Somalia. Pirates, to be sure are, criminal but they are taking cue from much wider criminal enterprises supported by powerful stakeholders. Dr. Amina Mire