As many as 700 asylum seekers from Africa and the Middle East are feared dead in two ship wrecks last week. One of the capsized boats was allegedly deliberately sunk by traffickers, according to the International Organization for Migration (IOM).
The boat, carrying nearly 500 passengers, left the port of Dalmietta in Egypt on September 6, according to two Palestinians who were on board and managed to survive when the vessel went down. They were eventually saved by a freighter on Thursday.
"Two survivors brought to Sicily told us that there had been at least 500 people on board. Nine other survivors were rescued by Greek and Maltese ships, but all the rest appear to have perished," Flavio Di Giacomo, IOM's spokesman in Italy, told AFP on Monday.
The witnesses said that the boat had Syrians, Palestinians, Egyptians and Sudanese on board.
They added that the boat sank Wednesday after a group of human traffickers rammed it with another boat as the asylum seekers refused to transfer to another vessel which they feared was too small.
After the boat sank, both Palestinians spent a day in the water
fighting for their lives, IOM said, citing the witnesses. One of
them was in a lifejacket, while the other was holding on to a
life buoy with other migrants who did not survive. The
Palestinians said that among them was a young Egyptian boy who
hoped to make money in Europe to pay for his father's heart
operation.
"If this story, which police are investigating, is true, it
would be the worst shipwreck in years... not an accident but a
mass murder, perpetrated by criminals without scruples or any
respect for human life," IOM said in a statement Monday.
In a separate incident, a boat carrying at least 250 African
asylum seekers capsized near the Libyan capital on Monday, coast
guard spokesman Qassim Ayoub told AP.
Dozens drowned in the incident, he said, adding that Libyan coast
guards are still retrieving bodies floating 18 kilometers off the
coast of Tripoli. Thirty-six asylum seekers were rescued
including three women, one of them pregnant, he said.
There has been a huge surge in the number of refugees fleeing
conflicts across the Middle East and Africa this year. Over 2,500
people have drowned or gone missing attempting the perilous
crossing on smugglers’ boats in 2014, including over 2,200 since
the start of June, according to the UN's refugee agency (UNHCR).
The main departure hub for Europe is Libya, where the worsening
security situation “has fostered the growth of
people-smuggling operations” and “prompted refugees and
migrants living there to decide to risk the sea rather than stay
in a conflict zone," the UNHCR said.
The Geneva-based organization has called on the EU to strengthen
search-and-rescue operations in the Mediterranean.
"UNHCR commends the life-saving Mare Nostrum (Our Sea)
operation the Italian Navy and coastguard is conducting that has
saved thousands of lives. As more refugees and migrants risk
their lives at sea to reach Europe, mostly Eritreans, Syrians,
and Somalis, urgent action is needed," the UNHCR's senior
spokesperson, Melissa Fleming, told journalists in Geneva in
August.
The IOM has also called on the international community to combat human smuggling and “to begin to open legal channels into Europe for all those people, men, women and children, fleeing their homelands in search of shelter."