​New syringe can seal gunshot wounds in 15 seconds

A new battlefield lifesaver in the form of a syringe can seal a gunshot wound in just seconds. Supporters hope the ‘XStat’ will replace gauze, which army medics have used to treat life threatening war injuries for centuries.

The device was designed by US company RevMedx, which claims the apparatus can stop a wound from bleeding in just 15 seconds. The XStat is a modified syringe that injects tiny tablet-sized sponges into a wound. RevMedx says the device was inspired by the design of a standard emergency tire repair kit.

Its creators initially experimented by spraying foam into wounds, John Steinbaugh, a US Army Special Operations medic who is on the design team at RevMedx, told Popular Science.

“That’s what we pictured as the perfect solution: something you could spray in, it would expand, and bleeding stops, But we found that blood pressure is so high, blood would wash the foam right out,” he said.

They then decided to use sponges measuring one centimeter in diameter – the size of an aspirin or paracetamol tablet. Like the foam, these sponges expanded to fill the wound. They also stuck to moist surfaces and created enough pressure to stem the bleeding.

“The core technology behind the XStat dressing is mini-sponges that expand upon contact with blood – resulting in a nearly immediate hemostatic effect without manual compression,” a statement on the RevMedx website reads.

Using the Xstat on the battlefield, its makers say, is simple. A medic would simply insert the syringe into a wound and press down on the plunger to inject the miniature sponges.

RevMedx initially experimented on animal wounds. After early success, the company managed to secure $5 million in funding from the US Army.

The company then finessed its design to use sponges made from wood pulp coated with a blood-clotting, antimicrobial substance called chitosan. Each sponge is marked with a special ‘X’ that shows up on X-rays to ensure that none of the tiny pills are left in the body.

RevMedx is currently developing three different sizes of the syringe to treat a variety of wounds. Each one is made of lightweight polycarbonate and is expected to cost about $100. It is currently awaiting approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the US.

Treating wounds on the battlefield is messy and difficult, and the only way to stop a bleeding wound is by stuffing it with gauze – often as deep as 12 centimeters into the body. Even then, hemorrhaging can occur, requiring the gauze to be removed and new material put in.

Uncontrolled bleeding is still the leading cause of death on the battlefield and the second leading cause of death for civilian traumas. However, most wounds are survivable.

According to a report published by the National Center for Biotechnology Information, the highest percentage of survivable battlefield deaths from 2001-2009 were from major trauma hemorrhage.

“I spent the whole war on terror in the Middle East, so I know what a medic needs when someone has been shot. I’ve treated a lot of guys who would have benefitted from this product. That’s what drives me,” Steinbaugh told Popular Science.