Thirty years ago, just after the Soviet Union had collapsed, Francis Fukuyama pronounced the end of history, giving a sciency expression to a pretty simple American craving for eternal dominance and unquestionable virtue. And while the flaws of this theory became apparent pretty quickly, what matters in the final analysis is not where history ends but where it begins. In trying to understand the war in Ukraine and what it means for the rest of the world, how far down in history should one go? To discuss this, Oksana is joined by Riaz Tayob, Researcher, South African Chapter of the Southern and Eastern African Trade Institute.