The Russian Duma has passed the final reading of a law forbidding holders of foreign passports from controlling or owning more than 20 percent of any media outlet. The law, proposed just ten days ago, will extensively affect Russia’s publishing sector.
“The freedom of the press is guaranteed by our Constitution, and won’t be affected,” said Mikhail Margelov, one of the 430 deputies who voted to support the law, with only two voting against.
"The law is designed to protect our national interests, to
safeguard the sovereignty of our media, and our country.”
“The information war against Russia has its own laws, and has
forced our hand,” said Vadim Dengin, one of the authors of
the new legislation, which was proposed by the three minority
parties in the Russian parliament.
If, as expected, the law ratified by the upper chamber of the
Russian parliament and Vladimir Putin, it will come into force in
January 2016, though existing foreign-owned companies will have
until 2017 to re-organize their ownership structure. Media that
violate the law can be shut down, although not without a court
order.
While all terrestrial TV channels in the country are owned either
by the state or large Russian media holding companies, numerous
cable channels and more than 60 percent of the print media have
significant foreign shareholders. Many others are held by Russian
businessmen, who hold dual citizenship, which will also make the
ineligible to continue as owners.
The legislation will affect leading political talk radio Ekho
Moskvy, business daily Vedomosti, which is jointly owned by
Finnish magazine publisher Sanoma, The Financial Times and the
Wall Street Journal, Forbes magazine, published by German media
giant Axel Springer, and the vast majority of franchised
Russian-language version of glossy magazines, including
Cosmopolitan, Men’s Health, National Geographic and GQ.
Several deputies also noted that foreign companies including the
US publisher Hearst, have recently bought up more than 50
regional Russian publishers, including local news websites, which
have often been influential in regional politics.
Communist MP Oleg Smolin tried to introduce an amendment that
would exclude lifestyle and other non-political publications from
the restrictions, but the Duma committee responsible for the
draft law rebuffed the proposal.
“We are establishing fundamental relations between citizens and
non-residents in the media sphere, and here no compromises are
acceptable,” said Roman Chuychenko, from the ruling United
Russia Party.
“Any loophole would open the door to machinations.”
The only exceptions have been made for media that have resulted
from state-level international treaties, which are currently
encompassed by the joint Russia-Belarus Mir television. One of
the sponsors of the law, Leonid Levin, said that cooperation with
China – which incidentally forbids all foreign media ownership –
could spawn Chinese-owned media in Russia.
Previous legislation only forbade foreign companies from holding
a majority stake in TV and radio outlets.
In the West, France has similar restrictions on print news media
ownership, while the US considers foreign bids for majority
stakes in TV and radio stations on a case-by-case basis.